Vietnam War Veterans – Support & Resources
Whether you’re a Vietnam War veteran, a family member of one or someone seeking to learn more about this significant period in history, we aim to provide comprehensive information and resources to meet your needs.
Background on the Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a major conflict from 1955 to 1975 and involved communist North Vietnam, supported by China and the Soviet Union, against South Vietnam, backed by the United States and other allies. The conflict was driven by Cold War tensions, with the U.S. aiming to prevent the spread of communism in Southeast Asia, while North Vietnam sought reunification under communist rule.
Key events include the beginning of guerilla warfare by North Vietnam in 1955; the deployment of U.S. combat troops in 1965 and the Tet Offensive in 1968; which marked a significant turning point by demonstrating the resilience of North Vietnamese forces and diminishing U.S. public support for the war.
Though American troops began to withdraw in 1973, the war didn’t end until 1975, with the fall of South Vietnam and the unification of the country under communism.
Who are considered Vietnam-era or Vietnam War veterans?
Vietnam-era veterans: Around 8.7 million Americans served in the Armed Forces between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Those who did not serve in a combat zone during the campaign are considered Vietnam-era veterans.
Vietnam War veterans: Around 2.7 million active duty service members deployed to Vietnam between 1955 and 1975. During the campaign, over 300,000 were wounded and 58,220 died. Now, of the 2.7 million service members, fewer than 850,000 Vietnam War veterans are still alive, many of whom are eligible for VA benefits.
What challenges have Vietnam War veterans faced?
Vietnam War veterans have faced physical and mental challenges that, in some cases, have profoundly affected their reintegration into civilian life. Common challenges include the struggle to find meaningful employment, adjust to the new routine or reconnect with family and friends.
Health issues, including disabilities and conditions caused by Agent Orange exposure are prevalent among Vietnam War veterans. (See more about Agent Orange below.)
Mental health conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety can be experienced as flashbacks, distressing memories or crippling anxiety and their effects can be devastating on the veteran and their family.
In 1977, DAV funded the Forgotten Warrior Project in order to clarify and provide a diagnosis for what we now know as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Vietnam veterans. The findings from this research eventually inspired the VA’s Vet Centers, community-based counseling centers that provide confidential support and a range of non-medical services.
In addition to the health challenges, many Vietnam War veterans didn’t receive support upon returning home. Their sacrifices often went unrecognized and unacknowledged, and many Vietnam War veterans faced open hostility from the public. This backlash caused many Vietnam veterans to isolate, a reaction that unfortunately added to the complexity of their physical or mental health conditions.
What is Agent Orange?
Agent Orange is a blend of chemicals used by the U.S. military to remove foliage and uncover enemy troops. Between 1962 and 1971, the U.S. military spread over 19 million gallons of herbicide over forests in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. Though Agent Orange was not the only herbicide used, it was the most prevalent. Exposure to the chemicals from these operations have resulted in serious and ongoing health issues for Vietnam War veterans.
What locations and conditions are related to Agent Orange exposure?
As a result of exposure to Agent Orange or other herbicides during military service, many veterans have experienced certain cancers, respiratory issues, heart disease and other diseases or health problems. See the full list.
Agent Orange exposure is presumed for any veteran who served on active duty in any of these locations:
- Vietnam, January 9, 1962 to May 7, 1975: The VA presumes exposure for individuals that operated on land in Vietnam, on a vessel operating on the inland waterways of Vietnam or on a vessel operating not more than 12 nautical miles seaward from the demarcation line of the waters of Vietnam and Cambodia as defined in Public Law 116-23 (Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans Act 2019).
- C-123 Airplanes and Agent Orange Residue: The VA presumes exposure of the flight crew, ground maintenance and aeromedical crew members to herbicide residue in C-123 planes flown during and after the Vietnam War.
- Korean Demilitarized Zone, September 1, 1967 to August 31, 1971: The VA presumes exposure for personnel who operated along the demilitarized zone in Korea.
- Thailand Military Bases, January 9, 1962, through June 30, 1976: The VA presumes exposure to Agent Orange for service members who served on any U.S. or Royal Thai military base in Thailand during this time.
- Herbicide Tests and Storage Outside Vietnam: The VA presumes exposure to DOD herbicide tests and storage at military installations in the United States and at locations in other countries and locations added by the PACT Act.
Over the years, presumed exposure to Agent Orange has expanded to include veterans who served aboard certain U.S. Navy and Coast Guard ships. Additionally, some children of veterans with Agent Orange exposure may also be entitled to Department of Veterans Affairs benefits for their conditions.
What resources and benefits are available for Vietnam War veterans?
The VA offers a free Agent Orange Registry health exam for eligible veterans to determine possible long-term health problems related to exposure. The VA also offers health care, disability compensation and other benefits for certain disease conditions. Dependents and survivors may also be eligible for other benefits. Learn about birth defect disability compensation.
At DAV, we are dedicated to supporting Vietnam War and Vietnam-era veterans by providing resources and assistance to help improve their lives. We help veterans navigate the complex world of VA benefits and health care services, offering comprehensive information and guidance on disability compensation, pension programs and health care options. Our team of experts is available to help veterans understand their eligibility and assist with the application process.
How can I apply for VA benefits?
Veterans of any era who were injured, fell ill or suffered a trauma during their time in the military may wish to file a claim for disability benefits through the VA in order to have that condition verified as service-connected and become eligible for necessary health care coverage.
However, the process of filing a claim with the VA can be complex and lengthy. DAV benefits advocates can help guide you through the process.
These professionals provide their expertise and service at no cost to the veteran, their family or their survivors. Current military members looking for assistance as they separate from service can visit one of DAV’s transition service offices.
Find your local DAV national service office
